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Common name: Sargentodoxa Family.
Number of genera 1. Number of species 1 (Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson).
Angiosperm. Magnoliopsida.
Disseminule an intact or entire fruit.
Fruits
Pistil(s) simple; more than 21; many. Fruit anthocarp, or pericarpium; simple; achene (individual fruits); multiple; glandetum (Spjut 2 families: Rosaceae, Sargentodoxaceae); without persistent central column; with styles(s); at apex; within accessory organ(s); within receptacle; connate; persistent; many-seeded (collectively); many; unknown, many; with carpels separate; without sterile carpels; not sulcate; in transection angled; apex not beaked; indehiscent. Epicarp black; durable; glabrous (without hairs); without armature; not smooth; wrinkled; without wing(s); without apical respiratory hole. Mesocarp absent. Endocarp absent (Cronquist: "one seeded berries, endocarp not hardened…"). Funiculus short; short without seed bearing hooks (retinacula); not persisting in fruit after seed shed.
Seeds
Aril absent. Seed not bowl shaped; not nutlike; without winglike beak; without caudate appendage(s); at maturity with food reserves; with endosperm; without canavanine. Sarcotesta absent. Testa present; without markedly different marginal tissue; without fleshy or leathery layer over hard layer; tight; shiny; surface smooth; without crease or line separating cotyledons from hypocotyl-radicle; without notch along margin where cotyledons from hypocotyl-radicle tip approach each other; without glands; without bristles; glabrous; without wings; without collar; without operculum; colored; monochrome; black (assumed); not becoming mucilaginous when wetted; surrounding food reserve. Endosperm copious; hard, or fleshy; smooth; with starch; with oils; without fatty acid containing cyclopropene; without apical lobes; without chlorophyll; without isodiametric faceted surface.
Embryo differentiated from food reserve; well developed; 1 per seed; partially filling testa (with food reserve); 0.3 times the length of food reserve; at one end of seed not extending into a depression or cup; axile and excentric; linear; straight; parallel to seed length; with cotyledons gradually connected to hypocotyl-radicle; without coleorhiza; without simmondsin; without stomata; not green; with 2 or more cotyledons. Cotyledons 2; well developed; 0.5 times length of embryo; not as wide as hypocotyl-radicle; not concealing hypocotyl-radicle; not foliaceous; thin; smooth; with apices entire; with margins separate; basally entire; equal in size; not punctate dotted. Hypocotyl-radicle well developed; straight; not thickened.
Distribution
Old World. Asia Major, southeastern Asia (to China, Laos & Vietnam).
Weed information
No USA noxious weeds.
Listed seeds
No ASOA or ISTA listed seeds.
Accepted genera
Sargentodoxa Rehder & E. H. Wilson
References specific to this family
Cronquist page 130.
General references
Cronquist, A. 1981. An integrated system of classification of flowering plants, 1,262 p. Columbia University Press, New York, Goldberg, A. 1986 (dicots) and 1989 (monocots). Classification, evolution, and phylogeny of the familes of Dicotyledons. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 58 for dicots (314 pp.) and 71 for monocots (74 pp.). [Goldberg's illustrations are reproduced from older publications and these should be consulted], Gunn, C.R., J.H. Wiersema, C.A. Ritchie, and J.H. Kirkbride, Jr. 1992 and amendments. Families and genera of Spermatophytes recognized by the Agricultural Research Service. Techn. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1796:1–500, Mabberley, D.J. 1987. The plant-book, 706 p. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Spjut, R.W. 1994. A systematic treatment of fruit types. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 70:1–182.
Illustrations
No fruit and acceptable seed illustrtaions. Cronquist has no illustration. Seed illustration(s): Karen. Embryo illustration(s): Karen. Karen's plate number and taxon (taxa): 033: Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rheder & E.H. Wilson (A-B).
• Fruit. 1 of 3. Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson: fruit. • Seed. 2 of 3. Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson: seed. • Embryo. 3 of 3. Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson: embryo.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘J.H. Kirkbride, Jr., C.R. Gunn, and M.J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. Family guide for fruits and seeds: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 12th April 2021. delta-intkey.com’.
