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Common name: Panama-mangrove Family.
Number of genera 1. Number of species 1 (Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana).
Angiosperm. Magnoliopsida.
Disseminule an intact or entire fruit.
Fruits
Pistil(s) simple; 2–5; 1-pistillate. Fruit pericarpium; simple; carcerulus (Spjut Fig. 16D); without persistent central column; not within accessory organ(s); 1-seeded; 1-seeded; from 5.1–10 cm long to more than 10 cm long; 7–11 cm long; 1-carpellate; not sulcate; in transection flat (tened); apex beaked; apex long beaked (up to 2.5 cm); wall leathery; indehiscent. Epicarp brown (all shades), or black (ish-brown); dull; durable; leathery; glabrous (without hairs); without armature; not smooth; furrowed and ridged (& pustulate on beak); without wing(s); without apical respiratory hole. Endocarp absent. Funiculus short; short without seed bearing hooks (retinacula); not persisting in fruit after seed shed.
Seeds
Aril absent. Seed larger than minute; 1 to less than 5 mm long; up to 20 mm long; in transection compressed; not bowl shaped; not nutlike; with winglike beak (not winglike - revise answer); without caudate appendage(s); at maturity without food reserves; without canavanine. Sarcotesta absent. Testa absent; without embryo surrounded and capped by viscid tissue.
Embryo differentiated from food reserve; well developed; completely filling testa (no food reserve); at one end of seed not extending into a depression or cup; parallel to seed length; with cotyledons abruptly connected to hypocotyl-radicle; without coleorhiza; without simmondsin; without stomata; not green; with 2 or more cotyledons. Cotyledons 2; well developed; somewhat to significantly wider than hypocotyl-radicle; partially concealing hypocotyl-radicle; hemispheric; smooth; with apices notched; with margins separate; basally entire; equal in size; not punctate dotted. Hypocotyl-radicle well developed; straight; not thickened. Plumule well developed (& red); hooked; terminal between 2 cotyledons.
Distribution
New World. Middle America, South America (Pacific Ocean coast from Costa Rica to Colombia).
Weed information
No USA noxious weeds.
Listed seeds
No ASOA or ISTA listed seeds.
Accepted genera
Pelliciera Planch. & Triana --
References specific to this family
Cronquist page 329.
General references
Cronquist, A. 1981. An integrated system of classification of flowering plants, 1,262 p. Columbia University Press, New York, Engler, A. and K. Prantl. 1924 and onward. Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilimien. W. Engelman, Leipzig, Goldberg, A. 1986 (dicots) and 1989 (monocots). Classification, evolution, and phylogeny of the familes of Dicotyledons. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 58 for dicots (314 pp.) and 71 for monocots (74 pp.). [Goldberg's illustrations are reproduced from older publications and these should be consulted], Gunn, C.R. and J.V. Dennis. 1976. World guide to tropical drift seeds and fruits, 240 pp. The New York Times Book Co., New York, Gunn, C.R., J.H. Wiersema, C.A. Ritchie, and J.H. Kirkbride, Jr. 1992 and amendments. Families and genera of Spermatophytes recognized by the Agricultural Research Service. Techn. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1796:1–500, Mabberley, D.J. 1987. The plant-book, 706 p. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Martin, A.C. 1946. The comparative internal morphology of seeds. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 36:513–660.
Illustrations
Acceptable fruit and seed illustrations. Cronquist has no illustration. Disseminule illustration(s): fruit, or seed, or embryo. Fruit illustration(s): Gunn & Dennis, Engler & Prantl, Spjut. Seed illustration(s): Karen. Embryo illustration(s): Engler & Prantl, Karen. Karen's plate number and taxon (taxa): 090: Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana (A-B).
• Fruit. 1 of 3. Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana: fruit. • Seed. 2 of 3. Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana: entire seed and seed with embryo exposed. • Embryo. 3 of 3. Pelliciera rhizophorae Planch. & Triana: embryo.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘J.H. Kirkbride, Jr., C.R. Gunn, and M.J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. Family guide for fruits and seeds: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 12th April 2021. delta-intkey.com’.
