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Common name: Karaki Family.
Number of genera 1. Number of species 5 (Wagstaff & Dawson (2000)).
Angiosperm. Magnoliopsida.
Disseminule an intact or entire fruit.
Fruits
Pistil(s) compound; 1; 1-pistillate; with carpels united. Fruit pericarpium; simple; nuculanium; without persistent central column; not within accessory organ(s); without sterile carpels; in transection terete (assumed); apex not beaked; indehiscent. Epicarp durable; without armature; without wing(s); without apical respiratory hole. Mesocarp present. Endocarp present; not separating from exocarp; hard; not splitting into 1-seeded pyrenes; without operculum; without secretory cavities; without longitudinal ridges. Funiculus short; short without seed bearing hooks (retinacula); not persisting in fruit after seed shed.
Seeds
Aril absent. Seed larger than minute; not bowl shaped; not nutlike; without winglike beak; without caudate appendage(s); at maturity without food reserves, or with food reserves; with endosperm; without canavanine. Sarcotesta absent. Testa present; without fleshy or leathery layer over hard layer; without crease or line separating cotyledons from hypocotyl-radicle; without notch along margin where cotyledons from hypocotyl-radicle tip approach each other; without glands; without bristles; glabrous; without wings; without collar; without operculum; colored; monochrome; thin; not becoming mucilaginous when wetted. Endosperm development nuclear.
Embryo differentiated from food reserve; well developed; 1 per seed; completely filling testa (no food reserve); at one end of seed not extending into a depression or cup; straight; without coleorhiza; without simmondsin; with cotyledons containing oils and starch; without stomata; not green; with 2 or more cotyledons. Cotyledons 2; well developed; 0.9 times length of embryo; somewhat to significantly wider than hypocotyl-radicle; almost entirely concealing hypocotyl-radicle; not foliaceous; thick; flat; smooth; with apices entire; with margins separate; basally entire; equal in size; not punctate dotted. Hypocotyl-radicle vestigial; straight; not thickened. Plumule minute.
Distribution
Old World. Southeastern Asia, Australia, Oceania.
Weed information
No USA noxious weeds.
Listed seeds
No ASOA or ISTA listed seeds.
Accepted genera
Corynocarpus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
References specific to this family
Cronquist page 724. Wagstaff, S.J. & M.L. Dawson. 2000. Classification, origin and patterns of diversification of Corynocarpus (Corynocarpaceae) inferred from DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 25(1):134–149.
General references
Corner, E.J.H. 1976. The seeds of Dicots, esp. vol. 2. Cambridge University Press, New York, Cronquist, A. 1981. An integrated system of classification of flowering plants, 1,262 p. Columbia University Press, New York, Goldberg, A. 1986 (dicots) and 1989 (monocots). Classification, evolution, and phylogeny of the familes of Dicotyledons. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 58 for dicots (314 pp.) and 71 for monocots (74 pp.). [Goldberg's illustrations are reproduced from older publications and these should be consulted], Gunn, C.R., J.H. Wiersema, C.A. Ritchie, and J.H. Kirkbride, Jr. 1992 and amendments. Families and genera of Spermatophytes recognized by the Agricultural Research Service. Techn. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1796:1–500, Mabberley, D.J. 1987. The plant-book, 706 p. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Spjut, R.W. 1994. A systematic treatment of fruit types. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 70:1–182.
Illustrations
Poor fruit and no seed illustrations. Disseminule illustration(s): fruit, or fruit incomplete, or embryo. Fruit illustration(s): Wagstaff & Dawson (2000). Fruit illustration(s): Karen. Seed illustration(s): Karen. Karen's plate number and taxon (taxa): 227: Corynocarpus laevigata J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (A-B).
• Fruit. 1 of 4. Corynocarpus laevigatus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.: fruit. • Fruit. 2 of 4. Corynocarpus laevigatus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.: fruit with exocarp removed. • Seed. 3 of 4. Corynocarpus laevigatus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.: fruit. • Embryo. 4 of 4. Corynocarpus laevigatus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.: embryo.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘J.H. Kirkbride, Jr., C.R. Gunn, and M.J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. Family guide for fruits and seeds: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 12th April 2021. delta-intkey.com’.
