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| Commercial timbers |
Nomenclature etc. FABACEAE-MIMOSOIDEAE. Syn.: Enterolobium timbouva Mart. Trade and local names: timbó colorado, pará, cambá-cambí, timbó-pyita, t. colorado, t. cedro, oreja de negro, pacará (AR); toco, oreja de abuela (BO); tamboril, timbuva, orelha de negro (BR). Not protected under CITES regulations.
Description based on 10 specimens. Tree. Geographic distribution: tropical South America, southern Brazil, temperate South America.
General. Growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent. Heartwood basically brown, red; with streaks. Sapwood colour distinct from heartwood colour. Density 0.38–0.45 g/cm³.
Vessels. Wood diffuse porous. Vessels arranged in no specific pattern, in multiples, commonly in short (2–3 vessels) radial rows and in clusters. Average tangential vessel diameter 90–200–380 µm. Average number of vessels/mm² 2–5. Perforation plates simple. Intervessel pits alternate, average diameter (vertical) 9–11 µm, pits vestured. Vessel-ray pits with distinct borders, similar to intervessel pits. Helical thickenings absent. Other deposits present (light brown).
Tracheids and fibres. Fibres very thin-walled to of medium wall thickness. Average fibre length 800–900 µm. Fibre pits mainly restricted to radial walls, simple to minutely bordered. Fibres non-septate.
Axial parenchyma. Axial parenchyma not banded. Axial parenchyma apotracheal, or paratracheal. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma vasicentric and confluent. Axial parenchyma as strands. Average number of cells per strand: 2–4.
Rays. Rays 2–4–8 per tangential mm, multiseriate, (1–)2–4(–5) cells wide. Height of large rays up to 500 µm. Rays composed of a single cell type (homocellular); homocellular ray cells procumbent.
Storied structures. Storied structure absent.
Secretory structures. Intercellular canals absent.
Mineral inclusions. Crystals present, prismatic, located in ray cells or axial parenchyma cells. Crystal-containing ray cells procumbent. Crystal-containing axial parenchyma cells chambered. Number of crystals per cell or chamber one. Chambered crystalliferous strands only along margins of axial parenchyma islands; crystals in rays very rare. Silica not observed.
Physical and chemical tests. Heartwood fluorescent (yellow; vessel contents strongly fluorescent). Water extract not fluorescent; colour of water extract colourless to brown. Ethanol extract fluorescent (light yellow). Colour of ethanol extract colourless to brown. Froth test positive. Splinter burns to full ash (wood crackles during combustion). Ash blackish.
Illustrations. • Transverse section. • Tangential section. • Radial section.
The interactive key allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting specified attributes, summaries of attributes within groups of taxa, and geographical distribution.
Cite this publication as: ‘Richter, H.G., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2000 onwards. Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. In English, French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. Version: 9th April 2019. delta-intkey.com’.
