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| Commercial timbers |
Nomenclature etc. FABACEAE-MIMOSOIDEAE. Trade relvant species: Parkia javanica (Lam.) Merr., P. singularis Miq., P. speciosa Hassk., P. sumatrana Miq., P. timoriana (DC.) Merr., P. versteeghii Merr. & L.M. Perry. Trade and local names: petai papan, empamai, parira kayu, alai, kedawung, paundeuy (ID); betungai, kedaung, kerayong, petai meranti, nyiring, patag (MY); kupang, u'pang (PH); mai-karien (MM); kariang, riang, sator (TH).
Description based on 4 specimens. Tree. Geographic distribution: Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indomalesia.
General. Growth ring boundaries distinct or indistinct or absent. Heartwood basically yellow, white or grey; occasionaly with streaks or without streaks. Sapwood colour similar to heartwood colour. Density 0.35–0.5(–0.7) g/cm³.
Vessels. Wood diffuse porous. Vessels arranged in no specific pattern, in multiples, commonly in short (2–3 vessels) radial rows or in radial rows of 4 or more. Average tangential vessel diameter (100–)150–220(–260) µm. Average number of vessels/mm² 2–6. Perforation plates simple. Intervessel pits alternate, average diameter (vertical) 7–8(–10) µm, pits vestured. Vessel-ray pits with distinct borders, similar to intervessel pits. Helical thickenings absent. Tyloses absent. Other deposits occasionally present.
Tracheids and fibres. Fibres very thin-walled, or of medium wall thickness. Fibre pits mainly restricted to radial walls, simple to minutely bordered. Fibres non-septate.
Axial parenchyma. Axial parenchyma banded or not banded. Bands marginal (or seemingly marginal). Bands fine. Axial parenchyma apotracheal, or paratracheal. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse (isolated crystalliferous strands). Paratracheal axial parenchyma aliform, or confluent. Aliform parenchyma of the lozenge type. Axial parenchyma as strands. Average number of cells per strand: (2–)3–4(–5).
Rays. Rays 5–8 per tangential mm, multiseriate, 1–3(–4) cells wide. Height of large rays up to 500 µm. Rays composed of a single cell type (homocellular); homocellular ray cells procumbent.
Storied structures. Storied structure absent.
Secretory structures. Intercellular canals absent.
Mineral inclusions. Crystals present, prismatic, located in axial parenchyma cells. Crystal-containing axial parenchyma cells chambered. Number of crystals per cell or chamber one. Silica not observed.
Physical and chemical tests. Froth test negative.
Illustrations. • Transverse section. Parkia javanica. • Tangential section. Parkia javanica. • Radial section. Parkia javanica. • Crystals. Parkia javanica: prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cell.
The interactive key allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting specified attributes, summaries of attributes within groups of taxa, and geographical distribution.
Cite this publication as: ‘Richter, H.G., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2000 onwards. Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. In English, French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. Version: 9th April 2019. delta-intkey.com’.
