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Nomenclature etc. ELAEOCARPACEAE. Elaeocarpus altisectus Schltr., E. angustifolius Bl. (syn.: E. sphaericus (Gaertn.) K. Schum.), E. dolichostylis Schltr., E. multiflorus (Turcz.) Fern.-Vill., Elaeocarpus spp. Trade and local names: empedu, kungkurat, mendong, parius-parius, perdoh, sanga, sanga burong (MY); quandong (AU, FJ, PG);.
Description based on 25 specimens. Tree. Geographic distribution: Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indomalesia.
General. Growth ring boundaries distinct or indistinct or absent. Heartwood basically light brown, yellow, white or grey. Sapwood colour similar to heartwood colour. Density 0.4–0.7 g/cm³.
Vessels. Wood diffuse porous. Vessels in multiples, commonly in short (2–3 vessels) radial rows or in radial rows of 4 or more. Vessel outline rounded (typically oval). Average tangential vessel diameter (75–)115–160(–240) µm. Average number of vessels/mm² (2–)5–8(–10). Perforation plates simple. Intervessel pits alternate, average diameter (vertical) (10–)12–14(–16) µm. Vessel-ray pits with reduced borders or apparently simple, rounded or angular or horizontal to vertical. Helical thickenings absent. Tyloses present, thinwalled.
Tracheids and fibres. Fibres very thin-walled, or of medium wall thickness. Fibre pits mainly restricted to radial walls, simple to minutely bordered. Fibres septate and non-septate.
Axial parenchyma. Axial parenchyma banded or not banded. Bands marginal (or seemingly marginal). Bands fine. Axial parenchyma paratracheal. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty, or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma as strands. Average number of cells per strand: 3–6.
Rays. Rays (12–)14–18 per tangential mm, multiseriate, (1–)3–5 cells wide. Rays of two distinct sizes. Height of large rays commonly 500 to 1000 µm, or commonly over 1000 µm. Rays composed of two or more cell types (heterocellular). Heterocellular rays with square and upright cells restricted to marginal rows, mostly 2–4 marginal rows of upright or square cells or with more than 4 marginal rows of upright or square cells.
Mineral inclusions. Crystals present, prismatic, located in ray cells or axial parenchyma cells (rarely). Crystal-containing ray cells upright and/or square or procumbent (only in some species), upright and/or square ray cells chambered. Crystals in procumbent ray cells in radial alignment. Crystal-containing axial parenchyma cells chambered. Number of crystals per cell or chamber one. Silica not observed.
Illustrations. • Transverse section. Elaeocarpus dolichostylus. • Tangential section. Elaeocarpus dolichostylus. • Radial section. Elaeocarpus sp. • Septate fibers, vessel-ray pits. Elaeocarpus angustifolius: some fibers septate (left), vessel-ray pits (right). • Crystals 1. Elaeocarpus dolichostylus: short chains of prismatic crystals in procumbent ray cells (polarized light). • Crystals 2. Elaeocarpus dolichostylus: prismatic crystals in chambered upright ray cells (polarized light).
The interactive key allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting specified attributes, summaries of attributes within groups of taxa, and geographical distribution.
Cite this publication as: ‘Richter, H.G., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2000 onwards. Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. In English, French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. Version: 9th April 2019. delta-intkey.com’.
