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| Commercial timbers |
Nomenclature etc. ANACARDIACEAE. Syn.: Schinopsis lorentzii (Griseb.)Engl. Trade and local names: coronillo, quebracho colorado santiagueño, quebracho macho , quebracho bolí(PY); quebracho santiagueño, quebracho colorado santiagueño, paag (AR). Not protected under CITES regulations.
Description based on 3 specimens. Tree. Geographic distribution: tropical South America, southern Brazil.
General. Growth ring boundaries distinct or indistinct or absent. If distinct, demarcated by a band of thick-walled fibres and slightly thickened (noded) rays. Heartwood basically brown and red; without streaks. Sapwood colour distinct from heartwood colour. Odour indistinct or absent. Density 1.2 g/cm³.
Vessels. Vessels present. Wood diffuse porous. Vessels arranged in no specific pattern, in multiples, commonly in short (2–3 vessels) radial rows. Vessel outline rounded. Two distinct vessel diameter classes absent. Average tangential vessel diameter 40–150–200 µm; diameter of vessels: large. Average number of vessels/mm² 8–35; vessels per square millimetre moderately numerous. Perforation plates simple. Intervessel pits alternate, average diameter (vertical) 7–10 µm, average diameter (vertical) medium, pits not vestured. Vessel-ray pits with reduced borders or apparently simple, rounded or angular and horizontal to vertical, of two distinct sizes or types in the same ray cell, of the same type in adjacent elements, located throughout the ray. Helical thickenings absent. Tyloses present, thinwalled and sclerotic. Other deposits present, with abundant organic deposits.
Tracheids and fibres. Fibres of medium wall thickness to very thick-walled. Average fibre length 900 µm. Average fibre length medium. Fibre pits mainly restricted to radial walls, simple to minutely bordered. Helical thickenings absent. Fibres septate and non-septate; scattered near vessels and rays. Fibres with up to 3 septae.
Axial parenchyma. Axial parenchyma present, not banded. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty, vasicentric, and unilateral. Axial parenchyma as strands. Average number of cells per strand: 2–5. Unlignified parenchyma absent.
Rays. Rays present, 5–8 per tangential mm, multiseriate, (1–)2–3(–4) cells wide. Height of large rays up to 500 µm. Rays composed of two or more cell types (heterocellular). Heterocellular rays with square and upright cells restricted to marginal rows, mostly 1 marginal row of upright or square cells.
Secretory structures. Intercellular canals present, oriented radially. According to Tortorelli (1956) occasionally with "schizogeneous resin canals". Laticifers or tanniniferous tubes absent.
Mineral inclusions. Crystals present, prismatic, located in ray cells, axial parenchyma cells, and tyloses. Crystal-containing ray cells upright and/or square and procumbent, upright and/or square ray cells not chambered. Crystal-containing axial parenchyma cells not chambered. Number of crystals per cell or chamber one and more than one. Crystals in one cell or chamber of the same size. Crystal containing cells of normal size. Cystoliths absent. Silica not observed.
Physical and chemical tests. Heartwood fluorescent. Water extract not fluorescent; colour of water extract colourless to brown. Ethanol extract fluorescent. Colour of ethanol extract colourless to brown. Ethanol extract with yellow fluorescence. Splinter burns to charcoal (wood crackles (sparks) during combustion).
Illustrations. • Transverse section. • Tangential section. radial intercellular canals (IC). IC. IC. • Radial section. • Tyloses; crystals. Schinopsis quebracho-colorado. thick-walled and partly sclerotic tyloses (Ty), occasionally including large prismatic crystals (CRt); prismatic crystals also in marginal ray cells (CRr). CRt. CRt. CRt. CRr. CRr. Ty.
The interactive key allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting specified attributes, summaries of attributes within groups of taxa, and geographical distribution.
Cite this publication as: ‘Richter, H.G., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2000 onwards. Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. In English, French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. Version: 9th April 2019. delta-intkey.com’.
