|
| Insects of Britain and Ireland: the families of Hymenoptera |
Gall Wasps.
Adults minute to small; 1–6 mm long (?).
Head. Antennae not geniculate.
Thorax. Pronotum long, extending back to the tegulae; not vertically grooved for reception of the fore femur. The spiracle cover lobe of the pronotum not margined with close fine hairs. Cenchri absent. Fore-wings without a pterostigma; with very reduced venation; not combining greatly reduced venation with conspicuous stigmal vein; combining greatly reduced venation with a conspicuous radial cell. Closed fore-wing cells 2 (with a costal and a conspicuous radial cell). Submarginal cells 0. Discoidal cells 0. Hind femur with a clear trochantellus, or without a well defined trochantellus (?). Hind tibiae without specialised spurs.
Abdomen. The abdomen with a marked basal constriction; not extremely laterally compressed and knife-like (i.e., unlike Ibalia). The second or second and third abdominal tergites representing less than half of the gaster. Ovipositor of females not visibly protruding; adapted for piercing.
Larvae. Larvae with segmented legs; parasitic on hosts selected by the mother (commonly on Diptera).
General comments. The hind basitarsus less than twice as long as segments 2–5 combined, by contrast with Ibalia.
British representation. Species in Britain 32; Aegilips, Anacharis, Anolytus, Aspicera, Callaspidia, Figites, Lonchidia, Melanips, Omalaspis, Sarothrus, Xyalaspis, Zygosis.
Classification. Suborder Apocrita; Series Parasitica; Superfamily Cynipoidea.
Illustrations. • Aegilips, Anolytus, Xylaspis, Zygosis (Cameron III). 1, Zygosis urticetae (Dahlbom), and (1a) detail of female antenna. 2, Xylaspis armata (Giraud), female. 3, Xylaspis abietina (Giraud), male. 4, Aegilips striolata Cameron, male. 5, Aegilips bicolorata Cameron, male. 6, labelled by Cameron male Aegilips subulifera Thoms., = Xylaspis petiolata Kieffer according to Kloet and Hincks, but not located in Fitton et al. 7, Anolytus rufipes Foerster, female. 8, Aegilips ruficornis Cameron, female. 9, Aegilops nitidula (Dalman), male. From Cameron (1890). • Aegilips, Anacharis, Anolytus, Callaspidia, Figites (Cameron III). 1, Aegilips fumipennis (Westwood). 2, Anacharis typica Walker. 3, Anacharis eucharoides (Dalman). 4, Anacharis ensifera Walker. 5, Anacharis immunis Walker. 6, labelled by Cameron Onychia westwoodi (Dbm.), which according to Kloet and Hincks = Callaspidia westwoodi (neither being listed by Fitton et al.). 7, Anolytus rufipes Foerster. 8, Figites urticarum Dahlbom. From Cameron (1890). • Figites, Lonchidia, Melanips, Sarothrus (Cameron III). 1, Melanips opacus (Hartig); 2, Melanips femoralis (Cameron); 3, Figites scutellaris (Rossius); 4, Figites consobrinus Giraud; 5, Figites anthomyiarum Bouché; 6, Figites reinhardi Kieffer; 7, Sarothrus tibialis (Zetter.); 8, Sarothrus areolatus Hartig; 9, Lonchidia maculipennis (Dahlbom); 10, Lonchidia clavicornis Thomson. From Cameron (1890). • Anacharis eucharoides: Stephens 1846.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2003 onwards. Insects of Britain and Ireland: the families of Hymenoptera. Version: 14th April 2022. delta-intkey.com’.
