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| Insects of Britain and Ireland: the families of Hemiptera |
Araeopidae
Plant Hoppers.
Salient features of adults. Terrestrial.
Phytophagous (sap-suckers, most on gasses or sedges, and seemingly none on woody plants). Tiny to small; 1.5–6 mm long; fliers; conspicuous jumpers; relatively stout bodied. Rostrum not separated from the prosternum by a gula. Antennae from the lower part of the head (inserted near the lower margin of the eye, which is usually hollowed to accommodate it); longer than the head, readily visible from above; 3 segmented; consisting of short segments with a terminal, unsegmented arista that is much longer than the segments. Ocelli present; 2 (one on each cheek). Tegulae present. Fore-wings well developed, or conspicuous, but much shorter than the abdomen; in the resting insect sloping roof-like over the abdomen; more or less uniform in texture; with opaque cells; without costal fracture and cuneus; with a clavus; without conspicuously raised, reticulate venation. Clavus with two veins uniting posteriorly to form a Y. Hind coxae immobile. The posterior tibiae with a large, moveable apical spur. Tarsi 3 segmented.
Taxonomy. Suborder Homoptera. Auchenorrhyncha. Fulgoroidea.
British representation. About 70 species in Britain; genera 30. Asiraca, Calligypona, Chloriona, Conomelus, Criomorphus, Delphacinus, Delphacodes, Delphax, Dicranotropis, Ditropis, Euconomelus, Euides, Eurybregma, Eurysa, Gravesteiniella, Javesella, Kelisia, Laodelphax, Megamelodes, Megamelus, Muellerianella, Muirodelphax, Nothodelphax, Oncodelphax, Paradelphacodes, Paraliburnia, Ribautodelphax, Stenocranus, Stiroma, Xanthodelphax. E.g., Araeopus pulchellus (Pretty Asiraca).
Comments. Some Delphacidae transmit virus diseases of cereals.
Illustrations. • Stenocranus longipennis (Curtis): B. Ent. 657. • Stenocranus longipennis (Curtis): B. Ent. 657, legend+text. • Stenocranus longipennis (Curtis): B. Ent. 657, text cont.. • Delphax pulchellus (Curtis): Pretty Asiraca, B. Ent. 445). • Delphax pulchellus (dissections: B. Ent. 445). • Delphax pulchellus (legend+text: B. Ent. 445). • Delphax pulchellus (text: B. Ent. 445, cont.). • Asirica, Delphacodes, Delphax, Megamelodes, Megamelus, Stenocranus: Edwards. DELPHACIDAE. 1, Asirica clavicornis. 2, Delphax pulchellus. 3, Megamelus notula; 4, Megamelus notula (macropter). 5, Megamelodes lequesnei; 5a, male genital styles of M. lequesnei; 6, macropter of M. lequesnei. 6a, male genital styles of Delphacodes venosus. 7, Stenocranus minutus; 8, Stenocranus fuscovittatus; 9, Stenocranus longipennis. From Edwards (1896, Plate 4), updated nomenclaturally and with approximate lengths added. • Chloriona, Kelisia, Megadelphax, Ribautodelphax: Edwards. DELPHACIDAE. 1, Kelisia vittipennis; 2, Kelisia guttula; 3, Kelisia perspicillata; 4, Kelisia pallidula. 4a, Kelisia punctulum, side view of head. 5–6, Kelisia fasciata. 7, Chloriona smaragdula male; 8, Chloriona smaragdula female. 9, Ribautodelphax sp. 10, Megadelphax sordidula (labelled Liburnia sordidula Stäl. by Edwards, omitted from later lists and perhaps not British). From Edwards (1896, Plate 5), updated nomenclaturally and with approximate lengths added. • Calligypona, Euconomelus, Gravesteiniella, Javesella, Laodelphax, Nothodelphax, Oncodelphax, Paraliburnia: Edwards. DELPHACIDAE. 1, Laodelphax elegantulus, male. 2, Nothodelphax distinctus. 2a, Gravesteiniella boldi, male genital styles. 3, Paraliburnia adela; 3a, male genital styles of P. adela. 4, Calligypona reyi. 5, Euconomelus lepidus; 5a, elytron of macropterous Euconomelus lepidus. 6, Oncodelphax pullula. 7, Paraliburnia paryphasma. 8, Javesella pellucida; 8a, aediagus of Javesella pellucida in lateral view. 9, Javesella dubia; 9a, aediagus of Javesella dubia in lateral view. 10, Javesella obscurella; 10a, aediagus of Javesellaobscurella in lateral view. From Edwards (1896, Plate 6), updated nomenclaturally and with approximate lengths added. • Delphacodes, Javesella, Laodephax, Muellerianella, Muirodelphax: Edwards. DELPHACIDAE. 1, Javesella discolor; 2, Javesella forcipata. 3, Muirodelphax denticauda; 4, Muirodelphax exiguus. 5, Delphacodes venosus. 6, Muirodelphax aubei. 7, Leiodelphax striatellus; 8, macropterous form of Leiodelphax striatellus. 9, Muellerianella fairmairei (macropterus form); 9a, male genital styles of Muellerianella fairmairei. 10, Muellerianella brevipennis; 10a, male genital styles of Muellerianella brevipennis. From Edwards (1896, Plate 7), updated nomenclaturally and with approximate lengths added. • Conomelus, Criomorphus, Delphacinus, Delphacodes, Dicranotropis, Ditropis, Euides, Eurybregma, Eurysa, Paradelphacodes, Xanthodelphax: Edwards. DELPHACIDAE. 1, Liburnia limbata Fab., probably = Conomelus anceps; 2, macropterous form of the latter. 2a, 2b and 2c, male genitalia in rear view of Xanthodelphax flaveolus, Paradelphacodes paludosus and Euides speciosa, respectively. 3, Eurysa lineata. 3a, male genitalia in rear view of Delphacodes uncinata. 4, Delphacinus mesomelas. 5, Dicranotropis hamata. 6, Criomorphus albomarginatus. 6a, male genitalia in rear view of Criomorphus moestus. 7, Ditropis pteridis. 8, Stiroma affinis. 9, Eurybregma nigrolineata; 10, macropterus form of Eurybregma nigrolineata. From Edwards (1896, Plate 8), updated nomenclaturally and with approximate lengths added.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2003 onwards. Insects of Britain and Ireland: the families of Hemiptera. Version: 27th July 2019. delta-intkey.com’.
