| | Insects of Britain and Ireland: the genera of Lepidoptera-Geometridae |
Emmelesia.
Adults. Antennae of males bipectinate (P. didymata), or simple (mostly). Face rough.
Wingspan 18–30 mm. The outer margin of the forewing slightly sigmoid-curved, or convexly curved. Forewings not predominantly green, yellow, or black; whitish, ochreous-greyish, ochreous-brown, fuscous, usually striated darker; predominantly whitish, or pale ochreous, or brown, or pale fuscous, or fuscous, or pale grey; with a clear discal mark, or without a clear discal mark; with a distinct median band (this dark to very dark, or partial only and represented by the whitish ‘rivulet’), or without a median band (or poorly distinguished); often with a transverse post-median ‘rivulet’ (i.e., with a narrow, wavy, white post-median median transverse band divided by a correspondingly wavy londitudinal dark line), or without a post-median ‘rivulet’; without an oblique red stripe. The outer margin of the hindwings smooth. Hindwings plain (though often faintly darker- or lighter-banded); whitish, grey or pale fuscous; not predominantly green, yellow, or black; with a clear discal mark, or without a clear discal mark; transversely lined to without transverse lines.
Vein 10 of the forewings arising independently of 9; arising independently, anastomosing with 11 and 9 to form a double areole. Hindwings exhibiting a tubular vein 5. Vein 5 of the hindwings arising from about the middle of the transverse vein, or arising from below the middle of the transverse vein (?). Vein 8 of the hindwings approximated to or anastomosed with the upper margin of the cell to the middle or beyond. Hindwing veins 6 and 7 stalked.
Posterior tibiae of males 4-spurred.
Early stages. Larvae feeding on diverse Dicot herbs, especially Scophulariaceae.
British representation. 12 species; South-east England, Central-southern England, South-west England, English Midlands, Northern England, Southern Scotland, Northern Scotland, Wales, and Ireland. Living adults found May to August (sometimes double brooded). P. affinitata (The Rivulet), P. albulata (Grass Rivulet), P. alchemillata (Common Carpet), P. bifaciata (Haworth's Carpet, Barred Rivulet), P. blandiata (Pretty Pinion), P. didymata (Twin-spot Carpet), P. flavofasciata (Sandy Carpet), P. minorata (Heath Rivulet), P. sagittata (Marsh Carpet), P. taeniata (Barred Carpet).
Subfamily. Larentiinae.
Illustrations. • 10 Perizoma species (Rivulets, etc.), with Epirrita, Operophtera: Newman 1869. 1a-b, Epirrita dilutata (November Moth); 2a-b, (The Autumnal Moth); 3, Operophtera brumata (Winter Moth, male and flightless female); 4, Operophtera fagata (Northern Winter Moth, male and flightless female); 5, Perizoma taeniata (Barred Carpet); 6, Perizoma affinitata (The Rivulet); 7, Perizoma alchemillata (Small Rivulet); 8, Perizoma bifaciata (Haworth's Rivulet); 9, Perizoma minorata ericetata (Heath Rivulet); 10, Perizoma blandiata blandiata (Pretty Pinion); 11, Perizoma albulata albulata (Grass Rivulet); 12, Perizoma flavofasciata (Sandy Carpet); 13a-b, Perizoma didymata (Twin-spot Carpet); 14, Perizoma sagittata (Marsh Carpet). From Newman (1869). • Larentiinae (‘Rivulets’, ‘Carpets’, ‘Pugs’, etc.): Kirby 51. LARENTIINAE. 1, Mesoleuca albicillata (Beautiful Carpet); 2 and 5, Spargania luctuata (White-banded Carpet); 3, Rheumaptera hastata (Argent and Sable); 4, Epirrhoe tristata (Small Argent and Sable); 5, Spargania luctuata (White-banded Carpet); 6, Epirrhoe molluginata; 7, Perizoma alchemillata (Small Rivulet); 8, Perizoma blandiata (Pretty Pinion); 9, Perizoma albulata (Grass Rivulet); 10, Asthena albulata (Small White Wave); 11, Hydrelia sylvata (Waved Carpet); 12, Hydrelia flammeolaria (Small Yellow Wave); 13, Camptogramma bilineata (Yellow Shell); 14, Hydriomena furcata; 15, Hydriomena impluviata (May High-flier); 16, "Larentia capitata", cf. Ecliptopera capitata; 17, Electrophaes corylata (Broken-barred Carpet); 18, Pareulype berberata (Barberry Carpet); 19, Anticlea derivata (The Streamer); 20, Catarhoe rubidata (The Flame); 21, Perizoma sagittata (Marsh Carpet); 22, Pelurga comitata (Dark Spinach); 23, Horisme vitalbata (Small Waved Umber); 24, Anticollix sparsata (Dentated Pug); 25, Eupithecia centaureata (Lime-speck Pug); 26, Eupithecia venosata (Netted Pug); 27, Eupithecia linariata (Toadflax Pug); 28, Eupithecia abietaria (?); 29, Pasiphila rectangulata (Green Pug); 30, Eupithecia nanata (Narrow-winged Pug); 31, Eupithecia innonata (Angle-barred Pug); 32, Eupithecia satyrata (Beech Pug); 33, Eupithecia lanceata. From Kirby 51, with updated names.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2003 onwards. Insects of Britain and Ireland: the genera of Lepidoptera-Geometridae. Version: 14th February 2021. delta-intkey.com’.
