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| The families of mushrooms and toadstools represented in Britain and Ireland |
Syn. Tripterosporaceae
Anamorphic forms occurring (rarely prominent).
Morphology. The fruit-bodies producing asci and ascospores; cupulate, or pear-shaped, or globose (? - “ostiolate or not”, dark, often thick walled, often hairy or ornamented); “dark”; perithecial, or cleistothecial; stromata absent (rarely with a basal subiculum). The asci cylindrical-clavate to clavate; with more or less conspicuous apical thickening (usually with a small apical j- ring); thin walled (not fissitunicate, rarely evanescent). The walls of the asci not staining blue with iodine. The ascospores smooth, or ornamented (occasionally); usually hyaline and brown (with at least one dark brown and one hyaline cell); septate; appendaged (with gelatinous appendages or caudae); without a mucilaginous sheath.
The hyphae without clamp connections. The hyphal walls lamellate, double layered, with both layers electron dense.
Ecology. The fruit-bodies on dead wood. Found in coniferous woodland, in broad-leaved woodland, and in mixed woodland.
Representation in Britain and Ireland. Anopodium, Apiosordaria, Arnium, Bombardia, Bombardioidea, Bovilla, Cercophora, Hormospora, Jugulospora, Lasiosordaria, Lasiosphaeria, Malinvernia, Philocopra, Pleurage, Podospora, Schizothecium, Strattonia, Thaxteria, Tripterospora, Zopfiella, Zygospermella, Zygospermum.
World representation. 148 species; genera 33. “Widespread”.
Classification. Ascomycota; Ascomycetes; Sordariomycetidae; Sordariales.
Comments. Interascal tissue of thin-walled paraphyses often present, but inconspicuous and usually evanescent.
Illustrations. • Bombardia bombarda (Berkeley). LASIOSPHAERIACEAE. 5, Bombardia bombarda (Batsch) J. Schrot. XYLARIACEAE. 1, Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev.; 2, Xylaria bulbosa (Pers.) Berk.; 3, Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) Martin; 4, Hypoxylon multiforme (Fr.) Fr. NECTRIACEAE. 6, Nectria peziza (Tode) Fr. ENDOGONACEAE. 7, Endogone pisiformis Link. COPRINACEAE. 8, Coprinus ephemeroides (DC.) Fr.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2008 onwards. The families of mushrooms and toadstools represented in Britain and Ireland. Version: 5th August 2019. delta-intkey.com’.
